A graduate computer applications
program built for 2026.

These regulations govern the MCA program at KLEF (Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation), delivered entirely through Project-Based Learning (PBL) in trimester mode under the Choice-Based Credit System and Outcome-Based Education framework.

• Bachelor's Degree in the relevant discipline with a minimum of 60% aggregate marks (or equivalent CGPA).

For each academic program, the curriculum specifies the credits, course category, codes, titles and delivery methods (Lectures, Tutorials, Practice, Skills, Projects, Self-Study, Capstone Design, etc.) under the Choice-Based Credit System (CBCS), designed, implemented and assessed under the Outcome-Based Education (OBE) framework. Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Design-Thinking principles are embedded into courses from their inception.

• Each academic year consists of three trimesters; each trimester is approximately 12–13 weeks including classwork and examinations.
• Students choose courses as prescribed by KLEF; every course carries a Lecture–Tutorial–Practice–Skill (L-T-P-S) component.

• Trimester-1: July to October.
• Trimester-2: November to February.
• Trimester-3: February to May.
• A Summer Term may be offered from May to June but is not counted toward program duration.

Credits are allocated based on the L-T-P-S structure. The MCA program is delivered entirely through Project-Based Learning (PBL) in trimester mode.

• Every 1.5 Lecture or Tutorial hours = 1 credit.
• Every 3 Practical hours = 1 credit.
• Every 6 Skill-based practice hours = 1 credit.

• A course may have one or more preceding course(s) as prerequisite(s).
• To register for a course, the student must have been promoted in the course(s) earmarked as its prerequisite(s).

• Course availability: students may register only for courses offered in the trimester of enrollment.
• Prerequisites must be successfully completed before registering for subsequent courses.
• Timely registration: students must register on the designated registration day; KLEF may deny late registrations.
• Add/Drop/Change: one week from the start of classes to add a course, and two weeks to drop or change courses.
• Credit limits: recommended load 14–16 credits per trimester; maximum 20 credits per trimester.
• Deceleration: a student finding the standard load overwhelming may take fewer courses now and make up credits in a future summer term.
• Elective availability: electives with low enrollment may be cancelled within the first week; students may switch to another elective if they meet its prerequisites.
• Re-registration: to improve a grade, a student may re-register for a course with approval of the Dean (Academics).
• Registration cancellation: KLEF may cancel a student's registration for disciplinary reasons or plagiarism.
• Timetable clashes: students must resolve conflicts by contacting their Department Year Coordinator immediately.
• Irregularities: if irregularities are found later, KLEF may cancel the registration for a course or the entire trimester.

• Choice of electives: students may choose from a diverse set of electives aligned with their interests or career objectives.
• Choice of faculty: where a course runs in multiple sections, students may choose their preferred faculty, subject to departmental policy and availability.
• Acceleration & overloading: students may take courses from the next trimester in advance, or take more than the standard credits, with prior permission of the Dean (Academics).
• Deceleration & underloading: students may postpone courses to a later trimester or take fewer credits; permission must be sought from the Office of the Dean (Academics).

The Summer Term helps students catch up or get ahead.

• Eligibility: students with backlogs to clear, prerequisites to fulfil, or approved acceleration.
• Credit limit: the maximum load for the summer term is 12 credits.
• Timetable clashes must be avoided in the summer schedule.
• Attendance & promotion policies apply as usual, except that attendance condonation is not available in the summer.

• Humanities, Arts & Social Sciences (HAS): Courses that develop students' understanding of human values, society, culture, communication, ethics, and interdisciplinary perspectives, thereby fostering holistic development and broader intellectual and social awareness.
• Professional Core Courses (PCC): essential discipline courses providing foundational knowledge and core competencies.
• Professional Elective Courses (PEC): specialization courses allowing in-depth focus on advanced topics aligned with career goals.
• Project, Research & Internship (PRI): research projects and internships giving real-world, practical, problem-solving experience.
• Value-Added Courses (VAC): training leading to globally recognized certifications or specialized employability skills.
• Audit Course (AUC): attended without a formal grade or credit toward the degree, for enrichment or breadth.

To be eligible for the award of the MCA degree, a student must fulfil all of the following:

• Earn the minimum credits specified in the program structure.
• Undertake focused training in a chosen career track: (a) Employment in MNCs, (b) Civil Services, (c) Higher Studies, (d) Research, (e) Entrepreneurship.
• Complete at least one global certification or value-added course in the discipline.
• Successfully complete all audit courses in the program structure.
• Achieve a minimum CGPA of 5.5 by the end of the program.
• Students with extra courses carrying 'DT' or 'F' grades may still graduate if all other requirements are met; such courses are factored into the CGPA.
• Complete all requirements within a minimum of 6 trimesters (excluding summer terms) and a maximum of 4 years.

• The ABC lets students digitally store academic credits earned at any ABC-registered higher-education institution, toward a Certificate/Diploma/Degree/Honors.
• All credits are stored digitally by registering in the ABC portal, which supports retaining credits for a shelf period and continuing with multiple break-overs.
• A student may exit the program (preferably not mid-year) and resume later.
• A student unable to complete within the maximum duration may be issued a Certificate, Diploma, Degree or Honors based on credits acquired, for all UGC-approved programs.

• Pass Class: CGPA ≥ 5.50 and < 5.75.
• Second Class: CGPA ≥ 5.75 and < 6.75.
• First Class: CGPA ≥ 6.75 and < 7.75.
• First Class with Distinction: CGPA ≥ 7.75, provided all courses are cleared in the first attempt and all requirements are met within the program's minimum duration.

KLEF awards Gold and Silver medals to the top two candidates in each program at the Annual Convocation, based on CGPA, subject to:

• Grades obtained through betterment/supplementary are not considered for the award.
• The candidate must have obtained First Class with Distinction to be eligible for a Gold or Silver medal.

• The MCA program is delivered entirely through Experiential / Project-Based Learning (PBL) in trimester mode; there is no conventional regular (semester) mode.
• Every course is taught through PBL, with hands-on, project- and artefact-based learning as the target outcome.

• Attendance is the credit-weighted average of the student's attendance across the L-T-P-S components of the course.
• Attendance is counted from the class commencement date; for transferred or newly admitted students, from the date of admission.

• Minimum 85% attendance is required for course promotion and to appear for the Term-End examination.
• Up to 10% condonation (medical emergencies, with documentation submitted within a week) may be granted by the Principal, College of Engineering; a condonation fee applies.
• Attendance slightly below 75% due to severe medical or valid reasons may be considered for further relaxation by the condonation board headed by the Vice-Chancellor.

• Course coordinators may allocate up to 5% of total marks for attendance, stated in the course handout and approved by the Dean (Academics).
• Marks by attendance range: 85–88% = 1 mark, 89–91% = 2 marks, and so on; below 85% earns zero, even with condonation.
• Attendance marks, if given, apply cumulatively to all L-T-P-S components, not just theory.

• Students with a CGPA and TGPA of 9.00 or higher in the previous trimester may obtain an attendance waiver for up to three courses, with prior approval of the Dean (Academics).
• Students using the waiver may participate in all assessment and evaluation components without being marked ineligible on attendance grounds.

• Students representing KLEF in events or co-curricular/extracurricular activities may receive compensatory attendance with prior written approval.
• Compensation is limited to 10% of total classes per course per trimester and does not apply to the summer term.

• A student who fails to meet the minimum attendance is marked 'DT' (detained) in that course.
• A detained student must re-register for the course and complete it fully — attending classwork, submitting all assessments, and taking all evaluation components.

A registered, promoted student is eligible for the Term-End examination unless found ineligible due to:

• Shortfall of attendance.
• Acts of indiscipline.
• Withdrawal from a course.
• Non-payment of examination fees.
• Appearing without a hall ticket.

Assessment in each theory course consists of Term-In examinations, continuous assessment (quizzes, tutorials, home assignments, active-learning methods) and the Term-End examination. Students should refer to the course handout for details.

• Term-In and Term-End examinations are conducted as per the Academic Calendar.
• Supplementary examinations are conducted at the discretion of the Dean (Academics) with the approval of the Vice-Chancellor.
• Students may have more than one examination in a day during Term-In, Term-End or supplementary examinations.
• Weightage: Term-In evaluation 60%, Term-End evaluation 40%. Minimum pass on Term-End alone: 50%. Minimum pass on aggregate: 50%.

• Evaluation is continuous throughout the trimester and carries 60% of the aggregate marks.
• Component weightages are decided and notified by the course coordinator through the course handout, approved by the Dean (Academics) before the trimester begins.
• Answer scripts are shown to students for verification within one week; discrepancies may be raised for re-evaluation.
• The solution key and scheme of evaluation are displayed on the course web portal on the day of the examination.
• A student unable to appear for a component (hospitalization, or representing KLEF/state/country) may be permitted a re-examination by the Dean (Academics).
• A student who misses one of the two Term-In evaluations is eligible for a re-examination as notified in the course handout.

• The Term-End evaluation includes components such as end examinations, projects, presentations, practical and skill assessments as detailed in the course handout.
• Each component is evaluated on the criteria in the course handout; component weightages are approved by the Dean (Academics) before the trimester.
• To pass, a student must meet or exceed the minimum passing marks for each summative component in the course handout.
• The key and scheme of evaluation are displayed on the course web portal on the day of the examination.
• A student unable to appear (hospitalization, or representing KLEF/state/country) may request a re-examination with prior permission of the Dean (Academics).

• Missing a formative component (quizzes, assignments, etc.) records a score of zero and no retake is permitted.
• For an excused absence, the instructor may allow a retake, subject to written approval of both the Principal and the relevant Head of Department.

Absence from a Term-In or Term-End examination is considered for a make-up examination only under:

• Pre-approved participation in university/state/national/international co-curricular or extracurricular activities.
• Illness or medical emergency resulting in hospitalization, with a doctor's certificate stating inability to attend within the designated period.
• Death of an immediate family member.

• Remedial exams are conducted for students who score below 60% in Term-In Exam-I and have attended at least 85% of the remedial classes.
• For courses without remedial classes, no remedial exam is scheduled; there are no remedial exams for Term-In Exam-II or laboratory exams.
• The number of remedial classes is 33% of the regular classes held before Term-In Exam-I, scheduled about one to two weeks after it and never during regular class hours.
• Recommended for remedial classes: students who scored below 60% in Term-In Exam-I, students for whom CO1/CO2/CO3 are not attained, and others at the Principal's discretion.

• All project or research-based courses must have a defined completion time limit, with schedules for monitoring and evaluation announced each term.
• The final project report is considered and evaluated by the panel of examiners only after obtaining a plagiarism certificate.
• Project reports must follow the guidelines prescribed by the Office of the Dean (Academics).

Each student is graded on an absolute or relative grading system. Relative grading applies only to a section with 25 or more registered students. The choice of grading system is decided by the course coordinator with the approval of the Dean (Academics) and is specified in the course handout.

Under relative grading, μ is the mean mark of the class (excluding students scoring ≥ 90% or ≤ 50% after rounding) and σ is the standard deviation of the marks.

A course handout is a document providing essential information about a course — a roadmap of expectations, assignments and grading.

• Significance: clarity & organization of course structure, topics and deadlines; communicates the instructor's expectations; outlines the grading criteria; lists valuable learning resources.
• Contents: course description and relevance; learning outcomes; instructor information and office hours; a tentative course schedule; required materials; assessment methods and weightages; and assignment guidelines with due dates.
• Effective use: refer to it regularly, highlight key points, and ask questions when anything is unclear.

• A student may reappear for the Term-End examination for betterment (theory part only) to improve a grade, provided the course is passed, CGPA ≤ 6.75, and the course grade is 'B' or lower; the better of the two grades is considered.
• A student may re-register for any course during the program to improve a grade lower than 'B+', with approval of the Dean (Academics).
• Reappearing is not allowed for courses with an L-T-P-S structure such as 0-0-X-X, 0-0-X-0 or 0-0-0-X — internships, seminars, term papers, projects, capstone projects, practice school and industrial internships.

• A student is eligible for a supplementary exam if they do not meet the minimum passing marks or fail any Term-End component listed in the course handout.
• Failed courses not offered in the current trimester are scheduled for the summer supply.
• Only the failed component(s) are considered, though in some cases all components may be retaken to improve marks.
• Where supplementary exams clash with other exams, students may take them during the summer supply.
• Students must register within the specified period after results and may be required to pay a supplementary fee.
• A student opting for a supplementary is not eligible for First Class with Distinction.

• Students wishing to see their Term-End answer scripts apply online to the COE within the declared timeframe by paying the prescribed fee through the ERP.
• There is no re-evaluation for lab/practical/skilling exams, project, viva-voce, seminar, design or mini-project courses.
• Final grades are announced by the COE and made available through the website/notice boards.

• Between KLEF and other institutions: a KLEF student may transfer to an institution with which KLEF has signed an MoU, and may return after a trimester or year with equivalent credits awarded for courses done elsewhere.
• From another institution to KLEF: equivalent credits are assigned based on courses studied, computed on a 10-point scale (course credits × equivalent grade point of the previous institution ÷ KLEF course credits).
• A zero-credit, no-grade course requires sitting the final examination for the equivalent KLEF course.
• A transfer student must follow KLEF's rules and, to graduate, must study at least half the minimum program duration at KLEF.
• Through MOOCs: students may earn credit for KLEF-recommended MOOCs up to 20% of the minimum credits required for graduation, at the discretion of the Dean (Academics).
• Up to 20 additional MOOC credits may be permitted; these may count toward a Minor or Honors degree if declared equivalent and approved by the Dean (Academics) prior to enrollment.
• Students taking additional MOOC credits must otherwise possess a minimum CGPA of 7.5 up to that trimester.

• Promotion is course-based only; there is no term-based block promotion for MCA students.

KLEF implements a comprehensive Mentor-Mentee Scheme and a Central Academic Counselling Board (CACB) to address academic, career and psychological needs. Each student is assigned a faculty mentor as guide, counselor and advocate for academic and personal growth.

• Academic counselling: guidance during registration; monitoring attendance and backlogs; communicating attendance and marks to parents; advising on specializations, flexibilities and study-abroad options; and conducting student/parent meetings.
• Career counselling: recommending skilling and certificate courses; facilitating internships and competitive-exam preparation; guiding term papers, projects, hackathons and coding challenges; advising on higher education and entrance exams; encouraging entrepreneurship; and preparing students for placements.
• Psychological counselling: guidance on time management; addressing anti-ragging concerns; managing mental stress and well-being; and addressing hostel, food and personal concerns, with referrals when needed.

• The Department Academic Counselling Board (DACB) assigns approximately 20 students to each faculty mentor, from the students' parent department, continuing until course completion.
• Mentors maintain detailed records of interactions in the ERP and update counselling remarks for students and parents every fortnight.
• Mentors provide regular updates to parents on academic progress and well-being, reflected in DACB monthly and CACB trimester reports.

The ACB is constituted by the Dean (Academics), comprising a Chairman, Convener, Principal/Director, HOD and a Professor/Associate Professor. A student is placed under the ACB when they:

• Have a CGPA below 6.00, or
• Have an F grade or are detained in multiple courses.
• First-level counselling is by the mentor and HOD, followed by the ACB; such students may be allowed to register for only a few courses on the ACB's recommendation.

• A student may be rusticated from KLEF on disciplinary grounds by the Vice-Chancellor, based on the recommendation of an empowered committee.

The following constitute malpractice during examinations, with penalties as noted:

• Possession of unauthorized material in the exam hall (including body marks) — immediate expulsion from the hall, without cancelling the paper.
• Giving/receiving assistance, smuggling scripts, offensive language, or exchanging scripts — expulsion and cancellation of that subject's performance for all involved; outsiders handed to police.
• Copying from unauthorized material — expulsion, cancellation of that subject, and a fine of ₹1000.
• Removing/tearing the answer script, or appearing intoxicated — expulsion and cancellation of that subject and all subjects already appeared (including practical and project work); barred from the remaining examinations of that term.
• Disobeying authorities, disturbances, walk-outs, assault or damage, or possession of a weapon — expulsion, cancellation of all subjects, debarment from future exams and possible forfeiture of seat; outsiders handed to police.
• Impersonation — both persons expelled, the candidate's performance cancelled in all subjects and barred for two consecutive trimesters; an outsider impersonator handed to police.
• Repeated offenses — expulsion, cancellation of all performances for the term and a ₹1000 fine; repeated dishonesty may lead to a transfer certificate.
• Any other malpractice — punishment determined by the Examination Malpractice Committee and approved by the Vice-Chancellor.

Plagiarism is a serious breach of academic integrity; the university enforces a strict zero-tolerance policy.

• First offense — Minor (improper citation, small copied portions): warning and resubmission with proper citations; marks may be reduced up to 50%.
• First offense — Major (copying significant portions, submitting another's work): grade of zero and a mandatory academic-integrity workshop.
• Second offense — regardless of severity: zero for the assignment, an official letter of reprimand on record, and academic probation.
• Third offense: suspension from the university for one academic term, with a permanent record of misconduct.
• Repeated violations: further violations after the third offense may lead to expulsion.
• In group work, all members are held equally accountable unless the plagiarism is shown to be isolated to specific individuals.

• Students may seek redressal of academic, resource-related or personal grievances through the institutional Grievance Redressal mechanism.
• Grievances may be submitted online through the ERP portal or offline to the designated cell.
• The Student Grievance Redressal Committee — and, for specific matters, the Internal Complaints Committee (ICC) and the Anti-Ragging Committee — investigate and resolve complaints in a time-bound, confidential manner.

• Reasonable accommodations are provided in line with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016.
• Provisions include a scribe, compensatory/extra examination time, accessible seating and assistive arrangements, on prior application with documentation.
• An accessible campus and dedicated support are provided through the designated enabling unit.